Previous Next

Documents You Need to Buy, Sell, or Lease a Property in Nigeria

Buying, selling, or leasing property in Nigeria can be exciting, but it’s also a process that requires careful attention to documentation. Having the right property documents is the only way to ensure your transaction is legal, transparent, and protected.

At The Wallington Realties Limited, we’ve helped hundreds of clients across Lagos and beyond navigate real estate transactions safely and confidently. One of the most common challenges we’ve seen is that many buyers and sellers don’t fully understand what documents are needed and that’s where costly mistakes happen.

This guide breaks down every essential document you’ll need to buy, sell, or lease property in Nigeria, plus expert tips from our experienced agents to help you avoid fraud and secure your investment.

1. Documents Required When Buying Property in Nigeria

When purchasing real estate, it’s not enough to see the building and fall in love with it, you must ensure the paperwork is valid and verified. Here are the critical documents to look out for:

a. Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)

This is the most recognized document confirming legal ownership and the right to occupy land. It’s issued by the state government and is one of the first things our team at The Wallington Realties verifies before recommending a property to any client.

b. Deed of Assignment

This document officially transfers ownership from the seller to the buyer. It details the property description, the parties involved, and the purchase date, and must be registered at the Lands Registry.

c. Survey Plan

The survey plan shows the exact boundaries, measurements, and location of the land or property. It also helps confirm that the property isn’t under government acquisition or subject to any dispute.

d. Governor’s Consent

Under Nigerian law, any land transfer must receive the state governor’s consent before it’s considered legal. This validates the Deed of Assignment and secures your ownership rights.

e. Building Plan Approval

This ensures that the property was constructed following state regulations and planning laws. At Wallington Realties, we always cross-check this document for new buildings to protect buyers from future demolition risks.

f. Purchase Receipt

A simple but crucial document confirming payment for the property. Always ensure your receipt carries the property details, seller’s name, and signatures from both parties.

2. Documents Required When Selling Property in Nigeria

For sellers, having complete and accurate documentation builds trust and accelerates sales. Buyers, especially those using reputable agencies like The Wallington Realties, won’t commit without verifying your ownership documents.

You’ll Need:

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) or Governor’s Consent

• Deed of Assignment / Conveyance showing how you acquired the property

• Survey Plan and Building Plan Approval

• Tax Clearance Certificate (in some states)

• Sales Agreement (drafted by a licensed lawyer)

• Proof of identity

We advise property owners to keep both hard and digital copies of these documents in safe storage to speed up verification when listing their properties.

3. Documents Required When Leasing or Renting Property in Nigeria

If you’re leasing out or renting property, whether as a landlord or tenant, paperwork ensures mutual trust and legal protection.

a. Tenancy Agreement

This outlines the terms of the lease — rent amount, payment structure, duration, maintenance obligations, and conditions for renewal or termination.

b. Rent Payment Receipt

Proof of payment issued by the landlord or property manager.

c. Inventory List

For furnished apartments, an inventory should detail all items and their condition before occupation.

d. Identification Documents

Both tenant and landlord should provide valid IDs to confirm authenticity.

At The Wallington Realties, we help landlords draft and manage proper tenancy agreements while ensuring tenants understand every clause before signing.

4. Due Diligence and Verification Documents

Before making any real estate decision, due diligence is non-negotiable. Too many investors lose money to fake documents or unverified ownership claims. Here’s what we recommend every client verifies before closing a deal:

• Land Information Certificate – Confirms if the property is free from encumbrances or government acquisition.

• Search Report from the Land Registry – Provides ownership details and any registered interests.

• Utility Bills & Tax Receipts – Validate occupancy and usage.

• Deed of Mortgage (if applicable) – Shows if a property was ever used as collateral.

Our legal and verification team at The Wallington Realties performs document checks for every client, whether you’re buying a shortlet, an apartment, or commercial land, ensuring zero legal complications after purchase.

Why Working with The Wallington Realties Matters

Navigating property paperwork in Nigeria can be confusing, especially for first-time buyers or diaspora investors. At The Wallington Realties Limited, we simplify the process.

We:

• Verify all property documents before listing or recommending any deal.
• Partner with government registries to confirm ownership and legitimacy.
• Guide clients through documentation, registration, and consent procedures.
• Handle all legal and administrative processes on your behalf.

📞 Book a Free Consultation with us today and let’s help you secure your dream property — the right way.